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Optimal dynamic emergency reserve activation using spinning, hydro and demand-side reserves

S. Surender REDDY,P. R. BIJWE,A. R. ABHYANKAR

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 409-423 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0431-9

摘要： This paper proposes an optimal dynamic reserve activation plan after the occurrence of an emergency situation (generator/transmission line outage, load increase or both). An optimal plan is developed to handle the emergency, using the coordinated action of fast and slow reserves, for secure operation with minimum overall cost. It considers the reserves supplied by the conventional thermal generators (spinning reserves), hydro power units and load demands (demand-side reserves). The optimal backing down of costly/fast reserves and bringing up of slow reserves in each sub-interval in an integrated manner is proposed. The proposed reserve activation approaches are solved using the genetic algorithm, and some of the simulation results are also compared using the Matlab optimization toolbox and the general algebraic modeling system (GAMS) software. The simulation studies are performed on the IEEE 30, 57 and 300 bus test systems. These results demonstrate the advantage of the proposed integrated/dynamic reserve activation plan over the conventional/sequential approach.

关键词： demand-side reserves     dynamic reserve activation approach     hydro power units     post contingency     sequential reserve activation approach     spinning reserves    

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Biding strategy of vehicle parking for participating in energy and spinning reserve markets

Ali MANSOORI,Rahmat AAZAMI,Ramin SAYADI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 403-411 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0333-7

摘要： In this paper a model for suggesting a smart parking that involves a set of electric cars is presented to auction the management ability and correct parking planning in reserve spinning market, secondary energy market and grid. Parking interest under various scenarios is analyzed and its effective results are presented by a valid model. Besides, particle swarm optimization algorithm is used for calculating maximum benefit.

关键词： vehicle-to-grid (V2G)     spinning reserve     energy secondary market     smart parking    

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An approach to calculating allowable watershed pollutant loads

Yu GUO, Haifeng JIA

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第5期   页码 658-671 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0446-3

摘要： To improve the management of discharge pollutants loads in the reservoirs’ watershed, an approach of the allowable pollutants loads calculation and its allocation, based on the water environment model, was proposed. Establishment of the approach framework was described at first. Under the guidance of this framework, two major steps were as follows: modeling and scenario analysis were involved and should be applied to support the decision of discharge loads management; Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code (EFDC) model was selected as the kernel model in this framework. In modeling step, spatial discretization for establishing cell map in model, data preprocessing, parameter calibration and uncertainty analysis (which is considered as the significantly relevant factor of the margin of safety (MOS)), were conducted. As a result of the research, the model-based approach presented as a combination of estimation and precise calculation, which contributed to scenario analysis step. Some integrated modules, such as scenario simulation, result analysis and plan optimization were implemented as cycles in the scenario analysis. Finally, allowable pollutant loads under various conditions were calculated. The Chaihe Reservoir in Liaoning Province, China was used as a case study for an application of the approach described above. Results of the Chaihe reservoir water quality simulation, show good agreement with field data and demonstrated that the approach used in the present study provide an efficient and appropriate methodology for pollutant load allocation.

关键词： Source water protection     watershed management     pollutants load allocation     Environmental Fluid Dynamic Code (EFDC) modeling     margin of safety     statistical analysis    

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Occurrence and distribution of micro- and mesoplastics in the high-latitude nature reserve, northern

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1534-7

摘要：

• The first study on micro(meso)plastics (MMPs) in the Liaohe River Reserve is reported.

关键词： Microplastics     Mesoplastics     Water     Sediment     Characteristic     Risk Assessment    

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Static and dynamic analysis of functionally graded fluid-infiltrated porous skew and elliptical nanoplatesusing an isogeometric approach

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第3期   页码 477-502 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0918-5

摘要： The analysis of static bending and free and forced vibration responses of functionally graded fluid-infiltrated porous (FGFP) skew and elliptical nanoplates placed on Pasternak’s two-parameter elastic foundation is performed for the first time using isogeometric analysis (IGA) based on the non-uniform rational B-splines (NURBSs) basis function. Three types of porosity distributions affect the mechanical characteristics of materials: symmetric distribution, upper asymmetric distribution, and lower asymmetric distribution. The stress–strain relationship for Biot porous materials was determined using the elastic theory. The general equations of motion of the nanoplates were established using the four-unknown shear deformation plate theory in conjunction with the nonlocal elastic theory and Hamilton’s principle. A computer program that uses IGA to determine the static bending and free and forced vibration of a nanoplate was developed on MATLAB software platform. The accuracy of the computational program was validated via numerical comparison with confidence assertions. This set of programs presents the influence of the following parameters on the static bending and free and forced vibrations of nanoplates: porosity distribution law, porosity coefficient and geometrical parameters, elastic foundation, deviation angle, nonlocal coefficient, different boundary conditions, and Skempton coefficients. The numerical findings demonstrated the uniqueness of the FGFP plate’s behavior when the porosities are saturated with liquid compared with the case without liquid. The findings of this study have significant implications for engineers involved in the design and fabrication of the aforementioned type of structures. Furthermore, this can form the basis for future research on the mechanical responses of the structures.

关键词： static bending     free and forced vibrations     nonlocal theory     isogeometric analysis     fluid-infiltrated porous nanoplates    

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Enhanced activation of peroxymonosulfate by CNT-TiO

Xuemin Hao, Guanlong Wang, Shuo Chen, Hongtao Yu, Xie Quan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1161-0

摘要： CNT-TiO2 composite is used to activate PMS under UV-light assistance. Superior performance is due to the enhanced electron-transfer ability of CNT. SO4•−, •OH and 1O2 play key roles in the degradation of organic pollutants. In this work, a UV-light assisted peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation system was constructed with the composite catalyst of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) - titanium dioxide (TiO2). Under the UV light irradiation, the photoinduced electrons generated from TiO2 could be continuously transferred to CNT for the activation of PMS to improve the catalytic performance of organic pollutant degradation. Meanwhile, the separation of photoinduced electron-hole pairs could enhance the photocatalysis efficiency. The electron spin resonance spectroscopy (EPR) and quenching experiments confirmed the generation of sulfate radical (SO4•−), hydroxyl radical (•OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) in the UV/PMS/20%CNT-TiO2 system. Almost 100% phenol degradation was observed within 20 min UV-light irradiation. The kinetic reaction rate constant of the UV/PMS/20%CNT-TiO2 system (0.18 min−1) was 23.7 times higher than that of the PMS/Co3O4 system (0.0076 min−1). This higher catalytic performance was ascribed to the introduction of photoinduced electrons, which could enhance the activation of PMS by the transfer of electrons in the UV/PMS/CNT-TiO2 system.

关键词： Peroxymonosulfate activation     Carbon nanotubes     TiO2     Water treatment    

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Improved numerical method for time domain dynamic structure-foundation interaction analysis based on

DU Jianguo, LIN Gao

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 336-342 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0054-2

摘要： Based on the reduced set of base function in scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM), an improved time domain numerical approach for the dynamic structure-foundation interaction analysis was proposed. With reasonable choice of the number of base functions, the degrees of freedom on the structure-foundation interface were reduced and the associated computation for the calculation of convolution integral was greatly reduced. The results of this proposed approach applied to the calculation of a gravity dam and an arch dam. The acceleration frequency response functions were calculated and the influences affected by different reduced set of base functions as well as full set were compared. It was found that a higher degree of reduced set of base functions resulted in a significant increase of computational efficiency but a little bit of loss in accuracy. When the reduced set was decreased by 60%, the efficiency may be increased to up to five times, while the loss of accuracy of peak value of response will be less than 4%. It may be concluded that the proposed approach is suitable for large-scale structure-foundation interaction analysis.

关键词： structure-foundation interface     computational efficiency     different     suitable     numerical approach    

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Dynamic characteristics analysis of active constrained layer damping plate with various boundary conditions

Jing LU, Yu XIANG, Qiao NI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第6卷 第4期   页码 449-455 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0240-0

摘要：

Considering the direct and converse piezoelectric effect, expressions of piezoelectric membrane internal forces in the piezoelectric constrained layer were given. The control equations of the piezoelectric constrained layer and host plate were obtained in according with the thin plate theory. Based on the layer wised principle, the integrated first order differential equation of an active constrained layer damping (ACLD) plate was derived for the simply supported boundary condition. Then, this method was expanded to the ACLD plate with cantilever boundary condition by virtue of geometric analogy method. Employing the extended homogeneous capacity precision integration approach, a high precision semi-analytical method was proposed to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the ACLD plate with various boundary conditions. The comparison with the literature results has verified the accuracy and effectiveness of the present method.

关键词： active constrained layer damping (ACLD) plate     dynamic characteristics     semi-analytical method     extended homogeneous capacity precision integration approach    

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Hierarchical porous carbon derived from one-step self-activation of zinc gluconate for symmetric supercapacitors

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 387-394 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2250-3

摘要： Porous carbons with high specific area surfaces are promising electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, their production usually involves complex, time-consuming, and corrosive processes. Hence, a straightforward and effective strategy is presented for producing highly porous carbons via a self-activation procedure utilizing zinc gluconate as the precursor. The volatile nature of zinc at high temperatures gives the carbons a large specific surface area and an abundance of mesopores, which avoids the use of additional activators and templates. Consequently, the obtained porous carbon electrode delivers a satisfactory specific capacitance and outstanding cycling durability of 90.9% after 50000 cycles at 10 A∙g–1. The symmetric supercapacitors assembled by the optimal electrodes exhibit an acceptable rate capability and a distinguished cycling stability in both aqueous and ionic liquid electrolytes. Accordingly, capacitance retention rates of 77.8% and 85.7% are achieved after 50000 cycles in aqueous alkaline electrolyte and 10000 cycles in ionic liquid electrolyte. Moreover, the symmetric supercapacitors deliver high energy/power densities of 49.8 W∙h∙kg–1/2477.8 W∙kg–1 in the Et4NBF4 electrolyte, outperforming the majority of previously reported porous carbon-based symmetric supercapacitors in ionic liquid electrolytes.

关键词： self-activation     zinc organic salts     abundant mesopores     symmetric supercapacitor     liquid electrolyte    

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Enhanced performance of oxygen vacancies on CO adsorption and activation over different phases of ZrO

《能源前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 545-554 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0867-7

摘要： The effect of oxygen vacancies on the adsorption and activation of CO2 on the surface of different phases of ZrO2 is investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The calculations show that the oxygen vacancies contribute greatly to both the adsorption and activation of CO2. The adsorption energy of CO2 on the c-ZrO2, t-ZrO2 and, m-ZrO2 surfaces is enhanced to 5, 4, and 3 folds with the help of oxygen vacancies, respectively. Moreover, the energy barrier of CO2 dissociation on the defective surfaces of c-ZrO2, t-ZrO2, and m-ZrO2 is reduced to 1/2, 1/4, and 1/5 of the perfect surface with the assistance of oxygen vacancies. Furthermore, the activation of CO2 on the ZrO2 surface where oxygen vacancies are present, and changes from an endothermic reaction to an exothermic reaction. This finding demonstrates that the presence of oxygen vacancies promotes the activation of CO2 both kinetically and thermodynamically. These results could provide guidance for the high-efficient utilization of CO2 at an atomic scale.

关键词： CO2 activation     oxygen vacancies     ZrO2     different phases    

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A density functional theory study of methane activation on MgO supported NiM cluster: role of M on C–Hactivation

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第10期   页码 1485-1492 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2169-8

摘要： Methane activation is a pivotal step in the application of natural gas converting into high-value added chemicals via methane steam/dry reforming reactions. Ni element was found to be the most widely used catalyst. In present work, methane activation on MgO supported Ni–M (M = Fe, Co, Cu, Pd, Pt) cluster was explored through detailed density functional theory calculations, compared to pure Ni cluster. CH4 adsorption on Cu promoted Ni cluster requires overcoming an energy of 0.07 eV, indicating that it is slightly endothermic and unfavored to occur, while the adsorption energies of other promoters M (M = Fe, Co, Pd and Pt) are all higher than that of pure Ni cluster. The role of M on the first C–H bond cleavage of CH4 was investigated. Doping elements of the same period in Ni cluster, such as Fe, Co and Cu, for C–H bond activation follows the trend of the decrease of metal atom radius. As a result, Ni–Fe shows the best ability for C–H bond cleavage. In addition, doping the elements of the same family, like Pd and Pt, for CH4 activation is according to the increase of metal atom radius. Consequently, C–H bond activation demands a lower energy barrier on Ni–Pt cluster. To illustrate the adsorptive dissociation behaviors of CH4 at different Ni–M clusters, the Mulliken atomic charge was analyzed. In general, the electron gain of CH4 binding at different Ni–M clusters follows the sequence of Ni–Cu (–0.02 e) < Ni (–0.04 e) < Ni–Pd (–0.08 e) < Ni–Pt (–0.09 e) < Ni–Co (–0.10 e) < Ni–Fe (–0.12 e), and the binding strength between catalysts and CH 4 raises with the CH4 electron gain increasing. This work provides insights into understanding the role of promoter metal M on thermal-catalytic activation of CH4 over Ni/MgO catalysts, and is useful to interpret the reaction at an atomic scale.

关键词： CH4 dissociation     Ni–M     C–H bond activation     charge transfer    

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Ascalable and efficient IPv4 address sharing approach in IPv6 transition scenarios

Guo-liang HAN,Cong-xiao BAO,Xing LI

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第16卷 第8期   页码 634-645 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500022

摘要： IPv6 has been an inevitable trend with the depletion of the global IPv4 address space. However, new IPv6 users still need public IPv4 addresses to access global IPv4 users/resources, making it important for providers to share scarce global IPv4 addresses effectively. There are two categories of solutions to the problem, carrier-grade NAT (CGN) and ‘A+P’ (each customer sharing the same IPv4 address is assigned an excluded port range). However, both of them have limitations. Specifically, CGN solutions are not scalable and can bring much complexity in managing customers in large-scale deployments, while A+P solutions are not flexible enough to meet dynamic port requirements. In this paper, we propose a hybrid mechanism to improve current solutions and have deployed it in the Tsinghua University Campus Network. The real traffic data shows that our mechanism can utilize limited IPv4 addresses efficiently without degrading the performance of applications on end hosts. Based on the enhanced mechanism, we propose a method to help service providers make address plans based on their own traffic patterns and actual requirements.

关键词： IPv6 transition     Carrier-grade NAT (CGN)     A+P     Address sharing     Dynamic switching    

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“平疫结合”的突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系建设研究

蔡健平,王晶

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第6期   页码 107-115 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.07.005

摘要：

构建“平疫结合”的突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系，是提高突发公共卫生事件医疗物资保障能力、完善突发公共卫生事件应急管理体系建设的重要方面。本文总结了我国突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系的发展现状，从制度建设、保障能力、协调机制3个层面剖析了我国医疗物资储备体系存在的问题；阐述了构建“平疫结合”的医疗物资储备体系的必要性与紧迫性，从基本内涵、基本框架、运行机制3个方面提出了“平疫结合”的医疗物资储备体系构建方案。研究建议，完善医疗物资储备制度，优化医疗物资储备体系，健全医疗物资储备体系运行机制，建立医疗物资储备信息共享平台，尽快形成“平疫结合”的突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系。

关键词： 突发公共卫生事件     医疗物资储备体系     平疫结合     基本框架     运行机制    

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以“功能”储备补足“资源”储备——甲醇战略储备替代1/10~1/5的石油战略储备

金涌,陈丙珍

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第11期   页码 4-6

摘要：

对世界所有大国而言，石油战略储备是十分重要的。为了满足国家安全的需要，世界不同国际组织如联合国、欧盟等都建议设立3个月的石油战略储备。对于中国而言，这就需要战略储备石油3×107~9×107 t，这需要一个长时间段和大量资金注入才能完成。如果基于“功能”储备补足“资源”储备的一个新理念来思考，这一目标可以较容易地完成。即储备一定百分数的甲醇来替代石油，则国家安全也可以得到保障。

关键词： 功能储备     战略石油储备     甲醇    

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Tumor-derived exosomes induce initial activation by exosomal CD19 antigen but impair the function of

《医学前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.1007/s11684-023-1010-1

摘要： Tumor-derived exosomes induce initial activation by exosomal CD19 antigen but impair the function of CD19-specific CAR T-cells via TGF-β signaling

关键词： exosomes induce activation     impair function CD19     exosomal CD19 antigen    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Optimal dynamic emergency reserve activation using spinning, hydro and demand-side reserves

S. Surender REDDY,P. R. BIJWE,A. R. ABHYANKAR

期刊论文

Biding strategy of vehicle parking for participating in energy and spinning reserve markets

Ali MANSOORI,Rahmat AAZAMI,Ramin SAYADI

期刊论文

An approach to calculating allowable watershed pollutant loads

Yu GUO, Haifeng JIA

期刊论文

Occurrence and distribution of micro- and mesoplastics in the high-latitude nature reserve, northern

期刊论文

Static and dynamic analysis of functionally graded fluid-infiltrated porous skew and elliptical nanoplatesusing an isogeometric approach

期刊论文

Enhanced activation of peroxymonosulfate by CNT-TiO

Xuemin Hao, Guanlong Wang, Shuo Chen, Hongtao Yu, Xie Quan

期刊论文

Improved numerical method for time domain dynamic structure-foundation interaction analysis based on

DU Jianguo, LIN Gao

期刊论文

Dynamic characteristics analysis of active constrained layer damping plate with various boundary conditions

Jing LU, Yu XIANG, Qiao NI

期刊论文

Hierarchical porous carbon derived from one-step self-activation of zinc gluconate for symmetric supercapacitors

期刊论文

Enhanced performance of oxygen vacancies on CO adsorption and activation over different phases of ZrO

期刊论文

A density functional theory study of methane activation on MgO supported NiM cluster: role of M on C–Hactivation

期刊论文

Ascalable and efficient IPv4 address sharing approach in IPv6 transition scenarios

Guo-liang HAN,Cong-xiao BAO,Xing LI

期刊论文

“平疫结合”的突发公共卫生事件医疗物资储备体系建设研究

蔡健平,王晶

期刊论文

以“功能”储备补足“资源”储备——甲醇战略储备替代1/10~1/5的石油战略储备

金涌,陈丙珍

期刊论文

Tumor-derived exosomes induce initial activation by exosomal CD19 antigen but impair the function of

期刊论文